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Commonly Asked Questions:
What is an outbreak?
Most of the time when herpes sores are not present on the skin the virus remains in a latent (inactive) state in the central nervous system, where it does no damage.
When the virus reactivates (or wakes up) it travels nerve paths to the surface of the skin, sometimes causing an "outbreak" or break out of symptoms.
How common are recurrences?
Here are the facts:
- The most common scenario is occasional recurrences (about 4 attacks per year)
- 80% of persons having a first episode caused by HSV-2 will have at least one recurrence
- 50% of persons with HSV-1 will experience a recurrence
- Symptoms may take longer to show or be less severe in some people, especially in those with partial immunity to the virus from having facial herpes, e.g. cold sores.
- Usually, the first year has the most viral activity
Will I have a recurrence?
It is true that most people with herpes have a recurrence BUT there are many people who don't an, if you do have recurrences they often tend to become less severe as time goes on and as your immune system builds up antibodies to the virus.
Herpes outbreaks have different patterns for each individual. The typical frequency of a herpes outbreak is four times a year (or once every three months).
Although a person has been infected with the herpes virus they may not necessarily ever experience an outbreak or a recurrence.
What is the possibility that I don't have a recurrence?
Many people do not experience a recurrence until months and sometimes even years after their first primary outbreak.
When the recurrence does happen it is sometimes related to a time when the immune system is weakened or under pressure, such as from an illness, stress, poor lifestyle, surgery, etc.
There are many things that you can do to help reduce the possibility of recurrence:
- Learn about possible outbreak "triggers" and try to avoid the ones that affect you
- Eat an appropriate diet, avoiding foods that might trigger a recurrence
- Take Lypsine Supplements to help boost your levels of Lysine, Zinc and Vitamin C (a powerful combination which can help keep outbreaks at a minimum)
- Choose a treatment that works best for you
- Take a herbal blend to help strengthen your immune system
A herbal extract blend may help to strengthen your immune system and assist your body's natural defense system fight back against the virus. They don't taste very nice but can work very well.
Some herbs that you might like to research include Lemon Balm, Golden Seal, Sage, St Johns wort, Myrrh and Olive leaf. You can have these (or any other combination of herbs) made into a specially formulated blend if you like by contacting Global Herbal Supplies.
To read through different herbs and their individual properties please visit the Herb Information Library
Are future outbreaks less severe?
Herpes, for most people, is an occasionally recurrent condition. During a first episode, the immune system develops antibodies and other weapons against the virus. During a recurrence, then, this "immune memory" can help to fight off infection more quickly.
As a result, as time goes on there are usually fewer sores, they heal faster, and the outbreak is less painful. Some people never experience another recurrence.
Can sexual intercourse bring on an outbreak?
Some people find that the friction of sexual intercourse irritates the skin and sometimes triggers a recurrence of symptoms. This is most likely to occur if intercourse is prolonged and vigorous and if there is insufficient lubrication.
Having less vigorous sex and using a water-based lubricant can help reduce irritation. Don't use one that contains the Spermicide nonoxynol-9, however. Nonoxynol-9 irritates mucous membranes, such as the lining of the vagina.
Oil-based lubricants are a no-no, too. They weaken latex, making condoms more likely to break and remember, even if the friction of intercourse seems to be a trigger for your symptoms, it probably won't cause a flare-up every time you have sex.
It is very important that you refrain from having sexual intercourse or contact with the infected area during an active outbreak. Contact with the infected area during an active outbreak can easily spread the virus as well as prolong your outbreak.
Can hormonal contraceptives (such as Depro-Provera) influence outbreaks?
Research suggests that hormonal treatments, such as Depro-Provera, can reduce the body's immune response and therefore your body could become more susceptible to having a herpes outbreak.
Please read through the sites below for relevant information:
What is the typical cycle of a herpes outbreak?
The symptoms of an active herpes outbreak generally follow a cycle of phases before healing.
If the lesion is in a particularly moist area the healing time may take longer than usual and scabs may not form. However, the lesion should still heal normally and disappear after the outbreak has completed its cycle.
The typical cycle of a herpes outbreak can be:
Inflammation: Swelling, tenderness, and/or redness that may appear before the actual outbreak and may include itching and sensitivity. The inflammation may never progress to blisters.
Blisters: One or several small fluid filled lesions, tiny red bumps or rash may form and can resemble small fissures, especially near the anus.
Ulcers: When the skin breaks on the blisters, small, round, wet looking ulcers can be seen, leaking clear to milky colored fluid.
Crust: The sores begin to dry, scab, and crust over beginning the healing process. The virus may possibly still be present until the ulcer has completely healed, and the scab falls off. NOTE: the sores do not always crust before healing.
Healing: New skin is formed and may look slightly red or silver. Viral replication is complete, the virus has left the skin's surface and the skin is now safe to touch. Healing of the skin does not normally leave scarring. The virus then retreats into the nerves and lies dormant.
Where does the outbreak re-occur?
Typically, if there is a recurrence it will occur in the exact same location as it did previously or closely nearby.
Nerves can have many axons which is why the herpes virus can take a number of pathways to your skin. This is why outbreaks can sometimes appear in different areas nearby to one another, regardless of what treatment is used.
However, each nerve has a particular area of skin that it serves called a dermatome. The herpes lesions are limited to the dermatome it initially infected unless you autoinnoculate (self-infect) yourself somewhere else.
This means that the outbreaks are limited to the body area where the infection exists (for example, the mouth area) unless you spread the infection somewhere else (such as to the genitals via oral sex, or to another body area through contact with the infection).
One kind of complication involves spreading the virus from the location of an outbreak to other places on the body by touching the sore(s). The fingers, eyes, and other body areas can accidentally become infected in this way.
Preventing self-infection is simple - do not touch the area during an outbreak. If you do, wash your hands as soon as possible with soap and warm water. This will help prevent the virus from spreading further.
Is it possible to have little or no symptoms with Herpes?
Yes. The symptoms of genital herpes vary greatly from person to person, with many people having very mild symptoms or even no noticeable symptoms at all (asymptomatic carriers of herpes).
How long does a typical herpes outbreak last?
The duration of a herpes outbreak and the time between each outbreak can vary depending on the individual and factors such as stress, lifestyle, your immune system and what particular treatment you are using.
- The symptoms of a genital herpes infection may last as long as six weeks, but the typical duration of an outbreak is 3 to 14 days.
- The duration of a typical cold sore outbreak may last from 3 to 14 days.
What causes or "triggers" a recurrent outbreak?
Herpes infections have different patterns in different people.
Although it is not known exactly why the virus reactivates at various times, both physical and/or psychological factors can bring on an outbreak. Physical factors differ from person to person.
Any one or combination of the following factors might sometimes, not always, bring on an outbreak:
- Being run-down
- Suffering from other genital infections (affecting the local skin area)
- Menstruation Cycle
- Pregnancy
- Drinking a lot of alcohol
- Exposure of the area to strong sunlight
- Conditions that compromise a person's immune system (where the body's immune system is not functioning normally)
- Prolonged periods of stress
- Fatigue
- Ultraviolet light
- Friction or damage to the skin, caused by, for example, sexual intercourse, may also lead to a recurrence
- Skin irritation (such as sunburn)
- Surgical trauma
- Diet and certain foods
- Another illness (especially with fever)
- Temperature extremes
- Steroid medication (e.g., asthma medication)
- Anything that lowers your immune system or causes local injury can trigger recurrences.
Some psychological factors:
- Emotional upset and stress
- Periods of prolonged stress can cause more frequent recurrences
- It is also common to experience stress and anxiety as a result of having recurrences.
Many of these factors are associated with time periods when a person's immune system is weakened or stressed. This makes the body more susceptible to the virus and therefore more likely to experience an outbreak.
Diet and life style changes are some approaches that can be beneficial in reducing recurrences. It is a very good idea to strengthen the immune system in order to help your body combat the virus.
Good rest, exercise and fresh fruit and vegetable juices will help strengthen the immune system.
Where to Now?
- Herpes Signs and Symptoms
- How to Reduce Herpes Outbreaks
- Herpes Treatments
Talk about it on the "Herpes Discussion Forum"
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